Cervical dysplasia, also known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), is a precancerous condition characterised by the presence of abnormal squamous epithelial cells on the cervix. ​ It is primarily caused by specific strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). ​

Early detection and accurate diagnosis of CIN are crucial in preventing the progression to invasive cervical squamous carcinoma. ​ 

p16INK4A and its role in cervical dysplasia ​

p16INK4A is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expressed in various tissues. ​ It is a specific tumor suppressor protein found in neoplasms, including cervical dysplasia and squamous carcinomas caused by high-risk HPV infections. ​

Immunohistochemistry using p16INK4A is the most common test performed on cervical biopsies to determine the presence of CIN caused by HPV. ​ It is considered a surrogate test for HPV testing in squamous intraepithelial neoplasms. ​

Benefits of p16INK4A (JC2): ​​

1. In vitro diagnostic: p16INK4A is an in vitro diagnostic tool used for the detection of CIN.
2. Nuclear and cytoplasmic visualisation: The antibody allows visualization of p16INK4A in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells.
3. Compatibility with multiple automation systems: p16INK4A is compatible with various automation systems, making it convenient for laboratories.
4. Published clone: The p16INK4A clone has been extensively studied and published in scientific literature.
5. High sensitivity and specificity: p16INK4A demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for squamous intraepithelial neoplasms in the cervix, anal canal, throat, and other sites of HPV infection.

1. p16INK4A on cervix / CIN II	2. p16INK4A on cervix / CIN II	3. p16INK4A on​​​​​​ melanoma